Probing the structural transitions in the rhodopsin activation pathway
Light causes specific changes in the structure of rhodopsin.
 A useful FTIR probe (azido, N3, phenylalanine) was engineered into rhodopsin at position 102 to study structural dynamics.  When light activates rhodopsin to form Meta II, the environment of the azido group changes and the band corresponding to the coupled N3 stretching frequency shifts.